In Bhutan, the traditional garments “Gho” and “Kira” are not only worn for cultural reasons but also have deep cultural and religious significance. They are the national dress of Bhutan and are worn on formal occasions, in daily life, and during important ceremonies. Let’s explore each of these traditional garments:
- Gho (for Men):
- The Gho is the traditional attire worn by Bhutanese men. It is a knee-length robe-like garment that wraps around the body and is fastened at the waist with a cloth belt called a “Kera.” The Gho typically has wide, long sleeves and is open at the front.
- The Gho is made from woven fabric, and the design and color of the Gho can vary based on factors such as the region, social status, and occasion. It is often decorated with intricate patterns and embroidery, and the color can range from plain white to various vibrant colors.
- Wearing the Gho is not just a matter of tradition; it also reflects Bhutanese cultural values and identity. It allows for ease of movement in the hilly terrain and is considered comfortable for daily activities.
- Kira (for Women):
- The Kira is the traditional dress for Bhutanese women. It consists of a long rectangular piece of fabric that is draped around the body and fastened at the shoulders. Underneath the Kira, women typically wear a blouse or a jacket called a “Wonju.”
- Like the Gho, the Kira can vary in design and color, with intricate patterns and vibrant colors being common. The choice of Kira can also signify the wearer’s social status, region, and occasion.
- Bhutanese women often accessorize their Kira with traditional jewelry, including necklaces, earrings, and brooches.
Both the Gho and Kira are essential components of Bhutanese identity and culture. They are also worn during religious ceremonies and festivals and hold spiritual significance. Wearing these traditional garments is a way for Bhutanese people to connect with their heritage and maintain a strong sense of cultural identity in a rapidly changing world. The government of Bhutan also encourages the wearing of Gho and Kira as a means of preserving and promoting the country’s unique cultural traditions.
When Bhutanese wear Gho & Kira?
In Bhutan, the traditional garments Gho and Kira are worn on various occasions, and when and how they are worn can depend on factors like gender, age, and the nature of the event. Here’s a general overview of when Gho and Kira are typically worn:
- Daily Wear:
- Bhutanese men often wear the Gho as their daily attire. It’s considered appropriate for going to work, running errands, and other everyday activities. The Gho is comfortable and well-suited for Bhutan’s hilly terrain and climate.
- Bhutanese women may wear the Kira as part of their daily dress, though some women may choose to wear more modern attire on a daily basis.
- Formal Occasions:
- Both men and women wear Gho and Kira for formal occasions such as weddings, religious ceremonies, and important festivals. The designs and colors of the garments worn on such occasions are often more intricate and elaborate.
- Religious Ceremonies:
- Gho and Kira are considered appropriate attire when attending religious events and visiting temples and monasteries. Bhutan is a predominantly Buddhist country, and these traditional garments are seen as a sign of respect when participating in religious activities.
- Festivals:
- During Bhutan’s numerous festivals, both men and women often wear their finest Gho and Kira. These festivals are colorful and vibrant, and the traditional attire adds to the festive atmosphere.
- Government and Official Functions:
- In official government and formal functions, Bhutanese officials and dignitaries often wear Gho and Kira as a symbol of national identity. It is also a common sight to see government employees, including teachers, wearing these traditional garments at work.
- Cultural Performances and Dance:
- Traditional Bhutanese dance performances often feature dancers dressed in elaborate Gho and Kira, each with specific designs and colors that represent different characters or themes in the performance.
- Special Celebrations:
- Bhutanese individuals may wear Gho and Kira for special family celebrations such as anniversaries, birthdays, and other significant milestones.
It’s important to note that the choice of wearing Gho and Kira can also vary depending on individual preferences, regional customs, and the level of formality desired for a particular occasion. While Gho and Kira are deeply rooted in tradition, they continue to be a living part of Bhutanese culture and are worn with pride and respect for their cultural significance.
